Climate change frames debate over the extinction of megafauna in Sahul (Pleistocene Australia-New Guinea)

Steve Wroe, Judith Field, M. Archer, Donald Grayson, Julien Louys, Gilbert Price, Tyler Faith, Gregory Webb, Iain Davidson, S Mooney

    Research output: Contribution to journalArticle

    Abstract

    Around 88 large vertebrate taxa disappeared from Sahul sometime during the Pleistocene, with the majority of losses (54 taxa) clearly taking place within the last 400,000 years. The largest was the 2.8-ton browsing Diprotodon optatum, whereas the ?100- to 130-kg marsupial lion, Thylacoleo carnifex, the world's most specialized mammalian carnivore, and Varanus priscus, the largest lizard known, were formidable predators. Explanations for these extinctions have centered on climatic change or human activities. Here, we review the evidence and arguments for both. Human involvement in the disappearance of some species remains possible but unproven. Mounting evidence points to the loss of most species before the peopling of Sahul (circa 50-45 ka) and a significant role for climate change in the disappearance of the continent's megafauna.
    Original languageEnglish
    Pages (from-to)8777-8781
    JournalPerspectives
    Volume110
    Issue number22
    DOIs
    Publication statusPublished - 2013

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